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Characteristics of the Symptoms of the Proposed ND-PAE Disorder in First Grade Children in a Community Sample

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Abstract

The proposed symptoms for Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (ND-PAE) were evaluated in children who participated in the Collaboration on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Prevalence study. Children “at-risk” for ND-PAE (n = 204) were contrasted to children with no prenatal alcohol exposure, alcohol-related dysmorphia or growth deficits (n = 908). Symptoms were defined based on neuropsychological testing using two diagnostic threshold levels (1.0 and 1.5 STD). Individuals at risk for ND-PAE had higher endorsement rates of the self-regulation and adaptive impairments at the 1.0 threshold and of the neurocognitive and self-regulation impairments at the 1.5 threshold. Endorsement of the disorder significantly differed at the 1.0 threshold. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that having an IQ below 70 was not predictive of the diagnosis but modifications of the IQ criterion improved predictive validity. Discrimination validity was poor without documentation of PAE which continues to be a necessity for a diagnosis of ND-PAE.

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Acknowledgements

Other contributors who the authors gratefully acknowledge are members of the CoFASP Field Research Teams who contributed countless hours to collect and organize these data: Amy Baete, M.B.A., Jason Blankenship, Ph.D. (deceased), Marita Brooks, B.S., Rosemary Bozeman, R.N., Nicole Bronec, A.A., Mary Kay Burns, R.N., Joelene Goodover, M.A., Heather Mastro, B.S.; Jaymi Russo, M.Ed., Julie M. Stegall, M.S.W., Marian Ortega, B.A, Maria Casillas Sanchez, Christine Lam, Gretchen Moran, Lizeth Casillas, Jasmine Ho, Marla Zacarias, Elise Deibert, Diana Lopez, Shaina Crone, Rachelle Feiler, and Diana Simmes. Region of Origin: First grade children from communities in the Rocky Mountain, Midwestern, Southeastern, and South Pacific regions of the United States

Funding

Data collection for this research was funded by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) supplement (U01AA019879-01) under grant UO1 AA019894 to Philip May of the University of North Carolina, and UO1 AA019879 to Christina Chambers of the University of California, San Diego. Portions of the data analysis and manuscript preparation were funded under the grant R01AA027785 awarded to Gretchen Bandoli.

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Correspondence to Julie A. Kable.

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Kable, J.A., Coles, C.D., Holton, J.E. et al. Characteristics of the Symptoms of the Proposed ND-PAE Disorder in First Grade Children in a Community Sample. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 55, 426–438 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-022-01414-8

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